Article    Peer-Reviewed

Sustainable Development of Tourism: Research and Policy Challenges

Larry Dwyer
School of Business, University of Technology Sydney, Ultimo, NSW 2007, Australia
Highlights of Sustainability, 2023, 2(2), 83–99.
Received: 12 March 2023    Accepted: 16 May 2023    Published: 18 May 2023
This article is part of the Special Issue Sustainable Tourism.
Abstract
Substantial conceptual and empirical challenges face tourism researchers, practitioners and policy makers in articulating the concept of sustainable development and in formulating strategies to achieve and maintain sustainable development of the tourism industry. These challenges include better understanding of the dynamics of the sustainability concept and its essential interconnection with human well-being; better appreciation of the complex nature of well-being pertaining to present and future generations of destination residents; improved understanding of the role played by changing quantities and qualities of capital stocks in well-being transmission; and the extent to which capital stocks are substitutable for each other. Addressing these challenges can inform useful directions for future research on theory and good practice in the area of sustainable tourism development.
Figure in this Article
Keywords
Copyright © 2023 Dwyer. This article is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY 4.0), which permits unrestricted use and distribution provided that the original work is properly cited.
Cite this Article
Dwyer, L. (2023). Sustainable Development of Tourism: Research and Policy Challenges. Highlights of Sustainability, 2(2), 83–99. https://doi.org/10.54175/hsustain2020008
References
1.
Brundtland, G. H. (1987). Our Common Future: The World Commission on Environment and Development. Oxford University Press.
2.
Verma, R. (2017). Gross National Happiness: meaning, measure and degrowth in a living development alternative. Journal of Political Ecology, 24(1), 476–490. https://doi.org/10.2458/v24i1.20885
3.
United Nations. (2015). Transforming Our World: The 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development.
4.
United Nations. (2020). Global Indicator Framework for the Sustainable Development Goals and Targets of the 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development. https://unstats.un.org/sdgs/indicators/indicators-list (accessed 18 November 2022).
5.
World Tourism Organization and United Nations Development Programme. (2017). Tourism and the Sustainable Development Goals – Journey to 2030. UNWTO. https://doi.org/10.18111/9789284419401
6.
Costanza, R., Fioramonti, L., & Kubiszewski, I. (2016). The UN Sustainable Development Goals and the dynamics of well-being. Frontiers in Ecology and the Environment, 14(2), 59. https://doi.org/10.1002/fee.1231
7.
Dalziel, P., Saunders, C., & Saunders, J. (2018). Wellbeing economics: the capabilities approach to prosperity. Palgrave Macmillan. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-93194-4
8.
Qasim, M., & Grimes, A. (2018). Sustainable economic policy and well-being: The relationship between adjusted net savings and subjective well-being. Motu Economic and Public Policy Research Trust. https://doi.org/10.29310/WP.2018.06
9.
Stiglitz, J. E., Fitoussi, J.-P., & Durand, M. (2018). Beyond GDP: Measuring what Counts for Economic and Social Performance. OECD Publishing. https://doi.org/10.1787/9789264307292-en
10.
Durand, M. (2020). What should be the goal of public policies? Behavioural Public Policy, 4(2), 226–235. https://doi.org/10.1017/bpp.2019.45
11.
Dasgupta, P. (2021). The Economics of Biodiversity: The Dasgupta Review. HM Treasury.
12.
Bandarage, A. (2013). Sustainability and well-being: the middle path to environment, society and the economy. Palgrave Pivot London. https://doi.org/10.1057/9781137308993
13.
Qasim, M. (2017). Sustainability and well-being: A scientometric and bibliometric review of the literature. Journal of Economic Surveys, 31(4), 1035–1061. https://doi.org/10.1111/joes.12183
14.
Bleys, B. (2012). Beyond GDP: classifying alternative measures for progress. Social Indicators Research, 109, 355–376. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11205-011-9906-6
15.
Radermachier, W. J. (2015). Recent and future developments related to GDP and Beyond. The review of Income Wealth, 61(1), 18–24. https://doi.org/10.1111/roiw.12135
16.
Costanza, R., Hart, M., Talberth, J., & Posner, S. (2009). Beyond GDP: The need for new measures of progress. The Pardee Papers, 4.
17.
Fuchs, D., Schlipphak, B., Treib, O., Long, L. A. N., & Lederer, M. (2020). Which way forward in measuring the quality of life? A critical analysis of sustainability and well-being indicator sets. Global Environmental Politics, 20(2), 12–36. https://doi.org/10.1162/glep_a_00554
18.
Dwyer, L. (2020). Tourism development and sustainable well-being: a beyond GDP perspective. Journal of Sustainable Tourism, 28, 1–18. https://doi.org/10.1080/09669582.2020.1825457
19.
Tov, W. (2018). Well-being Concepts and components. In E. Diener, S. Oishi, & L. Tay (Eds.), Handbook of subjective well-being (pp. 1–15). Noba Scholar.
20.
Dodds, R., & Butler, R. (2019). The phenomena of overtourism: a review. International Journal of Tourism Cities, 5(4), 519–528. https://doi.org/10.1108/IJTC-06-2019-0090
21.
Arrow, K. J., Dasgupta, P., Goulder, L. H., Mumford, K. J., & Oleson, K. (2012). Sustainability and the measurement of wealth. Environment and Development Economics, 17(3), 317–353. https://doi.org/10.1017/S1355770X12000137
22.
Asmelash, A. G., & Kumar, S. (2019). Assessing progress of tourism sustainability: Developing and validating sustainability indicators. Tourism Management, 71, 67–83. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tourman.2018.09.020
23.
Kristjansdottir, K. R., Olafsdottir, R., & Ragnarsdottir, K. V. (2018). Reviewing integrated sustainability indicators for tourism. Journal of Sustainable Tourism, 26(4), 583–599. https://doi.org/10.1080/09669582.2017.1364741
24.
Kwatra, S., Kumar, A., & Sharma, P. (2020). A critical review of studies related to construction and computation of Sustainable Development Indices. Ecological Indicators, 112, 106061. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ecolind.2019.106061
25.
Crouch, G. I., & Ritchie, J. R. B. (2011). Destination competitiveness and its implications for host-community QOL. In M. Uysal, R. Perdue, & M. J. Sirgy (Eds.), Handbook of tourism and quality-of-life research (pp. 491–514). Springer. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-007-2288-0_29
26.
Hirvilammi, T., & Helne, T. (2014). Changing Paradigms: A sketch for Sustainable Wellbeing and Ecosocial Policy. Sustainability, 6(4), 2160–2175. https://doi.org/10.3390/su6042160
27.
Durand, M. (2015). The OECD better life initiative: How’s life? and the measurement of well-being. The Review of Income Wealth, 61(1), 4–17. https://doi.org/10.1111/roiw.12156
28.
Uysal, M., Woo, E., & Singal, M. (2011). The Tourist Area Life Cycle (TALC) and Its Effect on the Quality-of-Life (QOL) of Destination Community. In M. Uysal, R. Perdue, & M. J. Sirgy (Eds.), Handbook of Tourism and Quality-of-Life Research (pp. 423–443). Springer. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-007-2288-0_25
29.
Woo, E., Uysal, M., & Sirgy, M. J. (2016). Tourism impact and stakeholders’ quality of life. Journal of Hospitality and Tourism Research, 42(2), 260–286. https://doi.org/10.1177/1096348016654971
30.
Dwyer, L. (2022) Why Tourism Economists should treat well-being more seriously. Tourism Economics, 0(0). https://doi.org/10.1177/13548166221128081
31.
Kuhlman, T., & Farrington, J. (2010). What is sustainability? Sustainability, 2(11), 3436–3448. https://doi.org/10.3390/su2113436
32.
De Smedt, M., Giovannini, E., & Radermachier, V. (2018). Measuring sustainability. In J. E. Stiglitz, J.-P. Fitoussi, & M. Durand (Eds.), For Good Measure: Advancing Research on Well-Being Metrics beyond GDP (pp. 243–284). OECD Publishing. https://doi.org/10.1787/9789264307278-11-en
33.
Smith, M. K., & Diekmann, A. (2017). Tourism and wellbeing. Annals of Tourism Research, 66, 1–13. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.annals.2017.05.006
34.
Berbekova, A., Uysal, M., & Assaf, A. G. (2022). Toward an Assessment of Quality of Life Indicators as Measures of Destination Performance. Journal of Travel Research, 61(6), 1424–1436. https://doi.org/10.1177/00472875211026755
35.
Barbier, E. B., & Burgess J. C. (2017). Natural Resource Economics, Planetary Boundaries and Strong Sustainability. Sustainability, 9(10), 1858. https://doi.org/10.3390/su9101858
36.
Dwyer, L. (2021). Resident well-being and sustainable tourism development: the ‘capitals approach’. Journal of Sustainable Tourism. https://doi.org/10.1080/09669582.2021.1990304
37.
Dwyer, L. (2022). Productivity, Destination Performance, and Stakeholder Well-Being. Tourism and Hospitality, 3(3), 618–633. https://doi.org/10.3390/tourhosp3030038
38.
Dwyer, L. (2022). Destination Competitiveness and Resident Well-being. Tourism Management Perspectives, 43, 100996. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tmp.2022.100996
39.
Dwyer, L. (2022). Tourism contribution to the SDGs: applying a well-being lens. European Journal of Tourism Research, 32, 3212. https://doi.org/10.54055/ejtr.v32i.2500
40.
Dwyer, L. (2023). Tourism Development to Enhance Resident Well-Being: A Strong Sustainability Perspective. Sustainability, 15(4), 3321. https://doi.org/10.3390/su15043321
41.
Verma, A. K. (2019). Sustainable development and environmental ethics. International Journal on Environmental Sciences, 10(1), 1–5.
42.
Jenkins, K. A. (2009). Linking theory to practice: Education for sustainability and learning and teaching. In M. Littledyke, N. Taylor, & C. Emes (Eds.), Education for sustainability in the primary curriculum: A guide for teachers (pp. 29–38). Palgrave Macmillan.
43.
Costanza, R., Erickson, J. D., Farley, J., & Kubiszewski, I. (Eds.). (2020). Sustainable well-being futures: A research and action agenda for ecological economics. Edward Elgar. https://doi.org/10.4337/9781789900958
44.
Lindell, L., Sattari, S., & Höckert, E. (2022). Introducing a conceptual model for well-being tourism – going beyond the triple bottom line of sustainability. International Journal of Spa and Wellness, 5(1), 16–32. https://doi.org/10.1080/24721735.2021.1961077
45.
Dos Anjos, F. A., & Kennell, J. (2019). Tourism, Governance and Sustainable Development. Sustainability, 11(16), 4257. https://doi.org/10.3390/su11164257
46.
Campagnolo, L., Carraro, C., Eboli, F., Farnia, L., Parrado, R., & Pierfederici, R. (2018). The Ex-Ante Evaluation of Achieving Sustainable Development Goals. Social Indicators Research, 136(1), 73–116. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11205-017-1572-x
47.
Dasgupta, P. (2007). Measuring sustainable development: Theory and Application. Asian Development Review, 24(1), 1–10.
48.
Stiglitz, J., Sen, A., & Fitoussi, J. P. (2009). The Measurement of Economic Performance and Social Progress Revisited: Reflections and Overview.
49.
Shi, L., Han, L., Yang, F., & Gao, L.(2019). The Evolution of Sustainable Development Theory: Types, Goals, and Research Prospects. Sustainability, 11(24), 7158. https://doi.org/10.3390/su11247158
50.
Dodge, R., Daly, A. P., Huyton, J., & Sanders, L. D. (2012). The challenge of defining wellbeing. International Journal of Wellbeing, 2(3), 222–235. https://doi.org/10.5502/ijw.v2i3.4
51.
Adler, A., & Seligman, M. (2016). Using well-being for public policy: Theory, measurement, and recommendations. International Journal of Wellbeing, 6(1), 1–35. https://doi.org/10.5502/ijw.v6i1.429
52.
Tien, N. H., Anh, D. B. H., Ngoc, P. B., Trang, T. T. T., & Duc, L. D. M. (2021). Subjective well-being in tourism research. Psychology and Education, 58(5), 3317–3325.
53.
Stone, A. A., & Krueger, A. B. (2018). Understanding subjective well-being in Stiglitz. In J. E. Stiglitz, J.-P. Fitoussi, & M. Durand (Eds.), For Good Measure: Advancing Research on Well-Being Metrics beyond GDP (pp. 163–201). OECD Publishing. https://doi.org/10.1787/9789264307278-9-en
54.
Iriarte, L., & Musikanski L. (2019). Bridging the gap between the sustainable development goals and happiness metrics. International Journal of Community Well-Being, 1(2), 115–135. https://doi.org/10.1007/s42413-018-0012-2
55.
OECD. (2020). How’s Life? 2020: Measuring Well-Being. OECD Publishing. https://doi.org/10.1787/9870c393-en
56.
Hartwell, H., Fyall, A., Willis, C., Page, S., Ladkin, A., & Hemingway, A. (2018). Progress in tourism and destination well-being research. Current Issues in Tourism, 21(16), 1830–1892. https://doi.org/10.1080/13683500.2016.1223609
57.
Uysal, M., & Sirgy, M. J. (2019). Quality-of-life indicators as performance measures. Annals of Tourism Research, 76, 291–300. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.annals.2018.12.016
58.
Austin, A. (2016). On well-being and public policy: are we capable of questioning the hegemony of happiness? Social Indicators Research, 127(1), 123–138. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11205-015-0955-0
59.
Musikanski, L., Cloutier, S., Bejarano, E., Briggs, D., Colbert, J., Strasser, G., et al. (2017). Happiness index methodology. Journal of Social Change, 9(1), 4–31. https://doi.org/10.5590/JOSC.2017.09.1.02
60.
Lepeley, M. T. (2017). Bhutan’s gross national happiness: An approach to human centred sustainable development. South Asian Journal of Human Resource Management, 4(2), 174–184. https://doi.org/10.1177/2322093717731634
61.
Helliwell, J., Layard, R., Sachs, J., & De Neve, J. E. (2020). World Happiness Report 2020. WellBeing International.
62.
Exton, C. (2022). Building back better lives: Using a well-being lens to refocus, redesign, realign and reconnect. In COVID-19 and Well-Being: Life in the Pandemic. OECD Publishing. https://doi.org/10.1787/81fc20cf-en
63.
Ridderstaat, J., Croes, R., & Nijkamp, P. (2016). The tourism development–quality of life nexus in a small island destination. Journal of Travel Research, 55(1), 79–94. https://doi.org/10.1177/0047287514532372
64.
Rivera, M., Croes, R., & Lee, S. H. (2016). Tourism development and happiness: A residents’ perspective. Journal of Destination Marketing & Management, 5(1), 5–15. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jdmm.2015.04.002
65.
Durand, M. (2018). Countries’ experiences with well-being and happiness metrics. In Global Happiness Policy Report 2018. Sustainable Development Solutions Network.
66.
Durand, M., & Exton, C. (2019). Adopting a Well-Being Approach in Central Government: Policy Mechanisms and Practical Tools. In Global Happiness Policy Report 2019. Sustainable Development Solutions Network.
67.
Ekins, P., Dresner, S., & Dahlström, K. (2008). The four-capital method of sustainable development evaluation. European Environment, 18(2), 63–80. https://doi.org/10.1002/eet.471
68.
OECD. (2023). Productivity, human capital and educational policies. https://www.oecd.org/economy/human-capital (accessed 20 February 2023).
69.
Moscardo, G. (2012). Building social capital to enhance the quality-of-life of destination residents. In M. Uysal, R. Perdue, & M. J. Sirgy (Eds.), Handbook of tourism and quality-of-life research (pp. 403–421). Springer. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-007-2288-0_24
70.
ISWGNA Task Team on Wellbeing and Sustainability. (5–9 October 2020). A Broader Framework for Wellbeing and Sustainability in the System of National Accounts. The 14th Meeting of the Advisory Expert Group on National Accounts, Virtual Meeting.
71.
De Neve, J. E., & Sachs, J. (2020). Sustainable development and human well-being. In World happiness report 2020. Sustainable Development Solutions Network.
72.
Lustig, N. (2018). Measuring the distribution of household income, consumption and wealth. In J. E. Stiglitz, J.-P. Fitoussi, & M. Durand (Eds.), For good measure: Advancing research on well-being metrics beyond GDP (pp. 49–84). OECD Publishing. https://doi.org/10.1787/9789264307278-5-en
73.
Kline, C., McGehee, N., & Delconte, J. (2019). Built capital as a catalyst for community-based tourism. Journal of Travel Research, 58(6), 899–915. https://doi.org/10.1177/0047287518787935
74.
Moscardo, G., Konovalov, E., Murphy, L., McGehee, N. G., & Schurmann, A. (2017). Linking tourism to social capital in destination communities. Journal of Destination Marketing & Management, 6(4), 286–295. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jdmm.2017.10.001
75.
Angrist, N., Djankov, S., Goldberg, P. K., & Patrinos, H. A. (2019). Measuring human capital (Working paper 8742). The World Bank.
76.
The Joint UNECE/Eurostat/OECD Task Force on Measuring Sustainable Development. (2013). Framework and suggested indicators to measure sustainable development. United Nations Economic Commission for Europe.
77.
Nunkoo, R. (2017). Governance and sustainable tourism: What is the role of trust, power and social capital? Journal of Destination Marketing & Management, 6(4), 277–285. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jdmm.2017.10.003
78.
Soulard, J., Knollenberg, W., Boley, B. B., Perdue, R. R., & McGehee, N. G. (2018). Social capital and destination strategic planning. Tourism Management, 69, 189–200. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tourman.2018.06.011
79.
Algan, Y. (2018). Trust and social capital. In J. E. Stiglitz, J.-P. Fitoussi, & M. Durand (Eds.), For good measure: Advancing research on well-being metrics beyond GDP (pp 285–322). OECD Publishing. https://doi.org/10.1787/9789264307278-12-en
80.
UNWTO. (21–22 June 2018). Measuring sustainable tourism. The thirteenth meeting of the UN Committee of Experts on Environmental-Economic Accounting (UNCEEA), New York, NY, USA.
81.
Dietz, S., & Neumayer, E. (2007). Weak and strong sustainability in the SEEA: Concepts and measurement. Ecological Economics, 61(4), 617–626. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ecolecon.2006.09.007
82.
Costanza, R., Alperovitz, G., Daly, H. E., Farley, J., Franco, C., Jackson, T., et al. (2013). Building a Sustainable and Desirable Economy-in-Society-in-Nature. United Nations Division for Sustainable Development.
83.
Ekins, P., Simon, S., Deutsch, L., Folke, C., & De Groot, R. (2003). A framework for the practical application of the concepts of critical natural capital and strong sustainability. Ecological Economics, 44(2–3), 165–185. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0921-8009(02)00272-0
84.
ten Brink, P., Miller, C., Kettunen, M., Ramsak, K., Farmer, A., Hjerp, P., et al. (2008). Critical thresholds, evaluation and regional development. European Environment, 18(2), 81–95. https://doi.org/10.1002/eet.474
85.
Chiesura, A., & de Groot, R. (2003). Critical natural capital: a socio-cultural perspective. Ecological Economics, 44(2–3), 219–231. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0921-8009(02)00275-6
86.
Ayres, R. U., Van Den Bergh, J. C. J. J. M., & Gowdy, J. M. (1988). Viewpoint: Weak versus Strong Sustainability. Tinbergen Institute.
87.
Collins, A. (1999). Tourism development and natural capital. Annals of Tourism Research, 26(1), 98–109. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0160-7383(98)00059-0
88.
Pelenc, J., & Ballet, J. (2015). Strong sustainability, critical natural capital and the capability approach. Ecological Economics, 112, 36–44. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ecolecon.2015.02.006
89.
Exton, C., & Shinwell, M. (2018). Policy use of well-being metrics Describing countries’ experiences. In OECD Statistics Working Papers (No. 2018/07). OECD Publishing. https://doi.org/10.1787/d98eb8ed-en
90.
Llena-Nozal, A., Martin, N., & Murtin, F. (2019). The economy of well-being: Creating opportunities for people’s well-being and economic growth. In OECD Statistics Working Papers (No. 2019/02). OECD Publishing. https://doi.org/10.1787/498e9bc7-en
91.
Uysal, M., Berbekova, A., & Kim, H. (2020). Designing for quality of life. Annals of Tourism Research, 83, 102944. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.annals.2020.102944
92.
Ateljevic, I. (2020). Transforming the (tourism) world for good and (re)generating the potential ‘new normal’. Tourism Geographies, 22(3), 467–475. https://doi.org/10.1080/14616688.2020.1759134
93.
Sheldon, P. J. (2022). The coming-of-age of tourism: embracing new economic models. Journal of Tourism Futures, 8(2), 200–207. https://doi.org/10.1108/JTF-03-2021-0057
94.
Sheldon, P. J. (2022). Regenerative Tourism. In D. Buhalis (Ed.), Encyclopedia of Tourism Management and Marketing (pp. 646–650). Edward Elgar.
95.
Bali Swain, R., & Yang-Wallentin, F. (2020). Achieving sustainable development goals: predicaments and strategies. International Journal of Sustainable Development & World Ecology, 27(2), 96–106. https://doi.org/10.1080/13504509.2019.1692316
96.
Rasoolimanesh, S. M., Ramakrishna, S., Hall, C. M., Esfandiar, K., & Seyfi, S. (2020). A systematic scoping review of sustainable tourism indicators in relation to the sustainable development goals. Journal of Sustainable Tourism. https://doi.org/10.1080/09669582.2020.1775621
97.
Kubiszewski, I., Mulder, K., Jarvis, D., & Costanza, R. (2022). Toward better measurement of sustainable development and well-being: A small number of SDG indicators reliably predict life satisfaction. Sustainable Development, 30(1),139–148. https://doi.org/10.1002/sd.2234
98.
Cazes, S., Hijzen, A., & Saint-Martin, A. (2015). Measuring and assessing job quality The OECD job quality framework. In OECD Social, Employment and Migration Working Papers (No. 174). OECD Publishing. https://doi.org/10.1787/5jrp02kjw1mr-en
99.
Winchenbach, A., Hanna, P., & Miller, G. (2019). Rethinking decent work: the value of dignity in tourism employment. Journal of Sustainable Tourism, 27(7), 1026–1043. https://doi.org/10.1080/09669582.2019.1566346
100.
Frey, D. F., & MacNaughton, G. (2016). A human rights lens on full employment and decent work in the 2030 sustainable development agenda. Sage Open, 6(2). https://doi.org/10.1177/2158244016649580
101.
Geissdoerfer, M., Vladimirova, D., & Evans, S. (2018). Sustainable business model innovation: A review. Journal of Cleaner Production, 198, 401–416. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jclepro.2018.06.240
102.
Dredge, D. (2022). Regenerative tourism: transforming mindsets, systems and practices. Journal of Tourism Futures, 8(3), 269–281. https://doi.org/10.1108/JTF-01-2022-0015
103.
Fullerton, J. (2015). Regenerative capitalism: How universal principles and patterns will shape our new economy. Capital Institute.
104.
Boley, B. B., & Perdue, R. R. (2012). Destination management, competitiveness, and quality of-life: A review of literature and research agenda. In Handbook of tourism and quality-of-life research (pp. 515–528). Dordrecht.
105.
Dwyer, L. (2018). Saluting while the ship sinks: the necessity for tourism paradigm change. Journal of Sustainable Tourism, 26(1), 29–48. https://doi.org/10.1080/09669582.2017.1308372
106.
Holden, A. (2019). Environmental ethics for tourism-the state of the art. Tourism Review, 74(3), 694–703. https://doi.org/10.1108/TR-03-2017-0066
107.
Vada, S., Prentice, C., Scott, N., & Hsiao, A. (2020). Positive psychology and tourist well-being: A systematic literature review. Tourism Management Perspectives, 33, 100631. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tmp.2019.100631
108.
Kenter, J. O. (2017). Deliberative Monetary Valuation. In C. L. Spash (Ed.), Routledge Handbook of Ecological Economics: Nature and Society. Routledge.
Metrics
Loading...
Share
Journal Menu
Journal Contact
Highlights of Sustainability Editorial Office
Highlights of Science
Avenida Madrid, 189-195, 3-3
08014 Barcelona, Spain
Email: sustainability@hos.pub
Tel. +34 93 138 23 89
Cathy Wang Managing Editor
Submit Your Article
Highlights Sustain., ISSN 2696-628X. Published quarterly by Highlights of Science.
Subscribe to read the latest articles and newsletters from Highlights of Science.